Engineers and developers have attempted to modify add extensions

 In many respects, this architecture was never designed for the IoT. Although engineers and developers have attempted to modify and add extensions to the TCP/IP stack— and many pieces are now open-source — the complexity of the environment, combined with the reality that it was never designed with security in mind, has introduced numerous security challenges, along with real-world problems.

"What makes the TCP/IP stack vulnerabilities notable is the sheer number of devices that are affected. The TCP/IP stack is a fundamental software component in every IoT device," explains Benson Chan, senior partner at Strategy of Things, a consulting and computer engineer salary implementation firm located in Hayward, Calif.

At the most basic level, the TCP/IP architecture enables IoT devices to communicate with the network and each other. These stacks are open source and freely used by most embedded devices and IoT module manufacturers.